Photosensitive apparatus for measuring the transverse dimensions of wires and cables



o; H. INGBER 4 PHOTO-SENSITIVE APPARATUS FOR MEASURING THE TRANSVERSE DIMENSIONS OF WIRES AND CABLES '7 Sheets-Sheet 1 Filed May 31, 19

Aug. 27, 1963 02,204

0. H. INGBER 3, PHOTOSENSITIVE APPA US FOR MEASURING THE TRANSVERSE DIMENSI OF WIRES AND CABLES Filed May 31, 1960 7 Sheets-Sheet 2 Aug. 27, 1963 o. H. INGBER 3,102,204

PHOTOSENSITIVE APPA TUS FOR MEASURING THE TRANSVERSE DIMENSIONS OF WIRES AND CABLES Filed May 51, 1960 '7 Sheets-Sheet 3 3,102,204 v I P HOTOSENSITIVE APPARATUS FOR msunmc THE TRANSVERSE 1 Filed may 51,1960

DIMENSIONS OF WIRES AND CABLES 7 Sheets-Sheet 4 IL 293a.

PUB

3,102,204 NSVERSE Aug. 27, 1963 o. H. INGBER PHOTOSENSITIVE APPARATUS FOR MEASURING THE TRA DIMENSIONS OF WIRES AND CABLES 7 Sheets-Sheet 5 Filed May 51, 1960 HEN Aug. 27, 1963 o. H. INGBER 3,102,204

PHOTOSENSITIVE APPARATUS FOR MEASURING THE TRANSVERSE. DIMENSIONS OF WIRES AND CABLES 7 Sheets-Sheet 6 Filed May 31, 1960 mum awn

Aug. 27, 1963 o. H. INGBER PHOTOSENSITIVE APPARATUS FOR MEASURING THE TRANSVERSE;

DIMENSIONS OF WIRES AND CABLES '7 Sheets-Sheet 7 Filed May 51. 1960 any mechanical feelers.

' dimensionof the measured object. i

of the statistical overstepping to the value of fst-andard of this statisticlal overlstepping." r c 3,102,204) PHOTOSENSITIVE'APPARATUSFOR MEASURING THE TRANSVERSE DIlVIENSIONS OF WIRES I AND CABLES r Oscar Henri Ingber, 1'5 Blvd. du GeneralKenig,-

I t Neuilly-sur-Seine, France FiledMay 31,1960, Ser. No. 32,982 Claims priority, application France May 29, 1959 i Q 14 Claims. (Cl. 250-219) The present invention 1 relates to an apparatus for measuring the transverse dimensioh, that is, the apparent 'width or diameter, of tapes, wires or cables, tubes, bars,

etc. to which a relativelyfast motioninthe axial or longi-' tudinal direction is impressed and which may be at the same time the seatof transversevibration. More particularly, this device is suitable for measuring the diameter of metal wires, tubes or cable s during their. manufacture with a view to'maintain their dimensions to constant or predetermined values by means of adequate correction'sj applied or controlled either manually or autov d mm ,0

ice;

Patented u an 1963 ment of the apparatus. r U 7 FIGURE 4- is a diagram illustrating another modification of the apparatus of this invention.

FIGURE 5 is a diagrammatic illustratio'n'of another embodiment of the apparatus.

FIGURE 6 is a diagram showing an alternate ment of the apparatus of this invention.

FIGURE 7 is a diagram concerning a further embodiment FIGURE 8 shows in. diagrammatic 'form a modified embodiment of the apparatus.

matic-ally by the apparatus itself. Actually, the high speed 2 at whichthe articles to be measured are driven (the following description referring only to wireslor tapes taken 1 by way of example and representing any other object adapted to be measured by means of the apparatus of this invention) renders inadequate the conventional method of measuring theirdimension by means .of a mefchanical feeler causing. the displacement of a pointer through mechanical, hydraulic or pneumatic control means, since this feeler would be subject to rebounds and might detrimentally affect by; its pressure the shape of the object to be measured, during certain steps such as the setting of a plastic cable sheath or the like.

It is the essential object of this invention to' provide an apparatus for effecting the measurement of the transverse dimension of an object of elongated shape with a very high degree o-fprecision, and without the assistance of It is another object of the apparatus of this invention 'to givea precise indication of the statistical overstepping,

that is, the integration of the measurement of'the local overstepping with respect to'a; predetermined'limit of the 1 Another object of the invention is to'pr-ovide means Another object of the invention is toprovide means 1 to estahlish a differential voltage between that representing the mean value of the local dimension measured 7 and another regulablevoltage constituting a standard that one desires to impose as the said mean value during the manufacture of the object measured, said differential voltage being utilized to 'control the machinemanu factilting this object so as to reset automatically the mean value of-its dimension corresponding to that of said standard. V V I Another object of the invention is to provide means establishing voltages proportional to statistical'overstepping er the local dimensions of the object in relation to a pre-adjusted critical limit or dimension. I Another" object of. the invention isqto provide means establishing a. differential voltage between that representing the value of thefstatistical overstepping and another regulable voltage constituting a standard that one desires to impose as the measure of the statistical I overstepping during the manufacture ofthe object meas- FIGURE 9 is a diagram showing an alternate embodi- .ment of themeans for producing an auxiliary reference signal. I

FIGURE 10 is a block diagram showing the principle on which the apparatus is based.

FIGURE 11 is a wiring diagram of the apparatus shown in FIG. 10.

.FIGURE 12 is a block diagram illustrating another form of embodiment of the apparatus. I "FIGURE I 13 is a wiring "diagram-of the modified embod-intent shown in FIG. 12.

forgiving a mean value of the measured local dimension 7 during the passage of the object measured.

The apparatus according to this invention, as shown in 35 FIG. 1, comprises a light source consisting of a bulb 270 having a straight and fine filament parallel to thewire 269 of which the transverse dimension, that is, the thickness, is to/measured. The apparatus further comprises a lens system 272 mounted eccentrically on a support 273 rotatably driven from a pulley 272a. Disposed between the lensisystem 272 and the light source 270 is a slit-type diaphragm having the function of increasing the field depth; The'suppo-rt 273 of le'nsasystem 272 is on the other hand solid with a disc 274 formed with a series of narrow radial peripheral slot-s 274a of a width of'which the relative spacing varies according to a specific trigonometric law in order tomeet a requirement to be set,

forth presently.

The flux transmitted through the lens 272 is partially blocked by the Wire 269 guidedby pulley's such as 269d), the filament image being formed on the plane of this wire, whereafter the remaining fluXillu-minates the photoelectric cell 275 through anoptical system 276.

An auxiliary lamp 277 illuminates througha lens 278 the marginal portion of the disc 274 and an' auxiliary cell 279.

During the lens rotation the image of .the filament of lamp 270 describes'a circle and is blocked twice by the wire 269. During each interception the photoelectric current in cell 275 is broken between two moments and during the time lapse the photoelectric pulses from the auxiliary cell 279 are transmited through the-medium of ured, said ditferential voltage being utilized to drive a member regulating the valueQo-f the fst'andard of the mean diameter set forth above so as tore-set the value mitted remains constant.

the i a gate as will be explained presently. The number of these" pulses increases with the width of the wire or cable to be measured.

The relative. spacing of the slots 27 la of disc 274 is Q such that when the wire moves at right angles to the optical axis of the device the number of pulses thus trans- According to a modified embodiment (FIGURE '3) a similar effect could be obtained by displacing the image of one portion of the field illuminating the object 269 to be measured'in front of a fixed diaphragm40 l (also in FIGURE 3 is a diagram illustrating a modified embodiembodi the form of a narrow slit) located in front of a photoelectric cell such as 275, for example by applying an alternating motion to the optical system 272. The means for efiecting and utilizing this displacement, notably by deflecting the optical beam and using reference signals, are very similar to those proposed hereinafter for effecting and utilizing the displacements of light spots.

According to other modifications still within the purview of this invention, the light spot scanning the object may be formed (FIG. 4) by the spot 403a of a cathode ray tube 403 of the flying spot type.

-If desired, the displacement of the light spot or spots, instead of being circular, may be linear, elliptic, or other, and an oscillatory movement may be substituted for the continuous rotation, provided that the path of the light spot or spots strikes the object to be measured.

The displacement may be obtained by cyclically driving, as a substitute for the optical system 272, the light source (lamp 270 of FIG. 5), or a slit 404 illuminated by an incandescent lamp 405 (FIG. 6) and forming an image on the object 269. If desired, an intermediate light deflector 406 (FIG. 7) such as a total-reflection mirror or prism to which a motion of rotation or oscillation is imparted from a motor 468, may be used. The desired effect may be obtained for example by rotating a light source or a slitted diaphragm, a Wollastonian prism, a beam-deflecting prism or mirror of which the perpendicular to its surface forms a relatively small angle with the axis of rotation. This displacement may also be obtained by oscillating a deflection mirror, the lens or the source itself, the movement being impressed by any suitable electric means. Furthermore, this displacement may be obtained by rotatably driving a ring 4%7 (FIG. 8) constituting a curved prism or mirror of which one portion causing the deflection of the light beam is so shaped that the inclination of the plane tangent to its surface varies along the circumference.

If the displacement of the light spot is uniform an electric voltage proportional to the discrepancy between its positions at the beginning and at the end respectively of its interception by the object to be measured may be obtained by integrating between these two moments the deflection currents of a flying spot tube, or by the electrical opposition of the voltages resulting from the integration of these currents or simply from those of the electrostatic deflection between these two moments, or furthermore, by a similar operation applied to the feed voltages of either the rotary or oscillating motors driving the light spot deflecting member, or the generators driven thereby, this mode of operation being obtained for example by using gates responsive to or controled by the photoelectric signal or its derivative.

In the case of a non-uniform displacement (according to the direction of the measurement) of the light spot, an auxiliary member driven or synchronized by the lightbeam deflecting member may be used to constitute a continuous or discontinuous auxiliary reference signal varying linearly (or of which the integral varies linearly) with the displacement of the light spot according to the direction of the dimension to be measured. This permits the application of the above-defined method utilizing one or two gates actuated during the entire time period in which the photoelectric signal is blocked or intercepted, or only at the beginning or at the end of this interception, in order to transmit the momentary voltages of this auxiliary member which being either integrated or opposed for the extreme values, provides a signal proportional to the dimension to be measured and representing the local dimension of the measured object.

Notably, the auxiliary continuous reference signal may result from the displacement of the member deflecting a blade or slit in front of an illuminated diaphragm of which the width or the local transparency is characterized by an adequate variation in a direction at right angles to this displacement, thus causing the transmission of a flux illuminating an auxiliary cell, this flux being proportional to the deflection of the light spot. The flux illuminating this blade or diaphragm may also be deflected by the deflection member by which the object to be measured is scanned. The same effect may also be obtained by driving the sliding contact of a potentiometer, the disc or plate of a variable capacitor, a coil in a variable magnetic coil, etc., the resulting signals, if they are alternating-current ones, being deflected and integrated. The spot of a cathode ray tube, notably of the one 403 (FIG. 9) producing a scanning light spot 403:: may also-when it is transmitted by adequate screensform in an auxiliary cell 416 or in the main cell these reference voltages which may be continuous or discontinuous, due to the introduction of a grid 417 on the scope screen or on its image, or of :1 diaphragm of variable local transparency or with as proposed hereinabove.

A discontinuous reference signal to be integrated or counted electrically may result from the displacement of a contactor along a row or series of conducting studs to produce a discontinuous current transmitted through a gate responsive to the photoelectric signal. This discontinuous signal may also be generated by a suitable magnetic recording caused to move past a series of projections constituting the opposite, comb-shaped electrode, by an electromagnet moving in front of a series of magnetic bodies, or by a plate or a disc (or their images) driven or deflected, at the same time and by the same members as the scanning light spot, in front of the diaphragm of an auxiliary cell producing the reference signal. More particularly, a disc formed with slots moving past the diaphragm of a cell of this character may be driven from the member causing the rotation of the light source, or of the lens for scanning the object by means of the light spot. The relative distances between the elements producing the discontinuous reference signals are such that their number is only subordinate to the divergence of the scanning light spot along the direction of measurement between the beginning and the end of its interception by the measured object.

In the devices contemplated herein the alteration of the limits of the measuring scales or ranges may be effected by changing the number of equispaced scanning spots, the sweep amplitude of the scanning light spot, the magnification of the optical system forming this spot, or by selecting through electron circuits only one portion of the continuous or discontinuous reference signals utilized in the apparatus. If, for example, this signal were proportional to time, a monostable multivibrator released at the beginning of the scanning cycle and of which the signal has an adequate and adjustable duration, makes it possible to suppress one portion of this signal and to transmit it only if its duration exceeds a predetermined value constituting the lower limit of the measuring range or scale. It is also possible to obtain a direct limitation of the amplitude of the reference signal as a function of its value if this amplitude does not vary uniformly as a function of time. In the specific case wherein the discontinuous but not isochronous pulses are counted a limiting counter makes it possible to eliminate a number of these pulses and to transmit only the following ones. These pulses may actuate this counter after it has been reset to Zero, or another counter, to give a value proportional to the dimension of the measured object.

If a fixed and adjustable value or quantity is subtracted from the reference auxiliary signal, and notably from the number of pulses of a discontinuous signal, the difference with respect to the integrated signal corresponding to the local dimension represents the local overstepping of a predetermined limit of the dimension of the measured object. Its integrality produces the measurement of the statistical overstepping. This effect may be obtained by limiting the amplitude of the pulse integrator which beyond only a certain amplitude value acts upon a gate ensuring the transmission of the referernce pulses exceeding a thus pro-adjusted fixed number.

nfj-theoutput signals from. the'difierent partso'fthepassernbl y 'are-indicated'adjacentthereto;; .1

The'phtoeleotric signal from cell 2.75flis amplified at I p 280 and difierentiated at 281.: a The difierentiated signals synchronize the bistabletnultivib rator 2,32 connectedlto an} amplifier. 283? delivering outputtsignal's of opposite limitation by two other circuits.

thecircuit 288 may :units, When this phen omenon n has occurred a first time, 292 will not produce'iariy oscillation and thearesen v, .wtingtakes place only aftera complete seriesof'te has beentot'alized." 4 y N I The' outpnt pulses (having 'two opposite signs) from p :The first circuit includes the ditierentiator ZS Q 'tfor. the t 1 signal 2831; from 283, then a monostable multivibrator I I F290 producing a signal having a fixed and-sufficient duraa 1 tion' at the endof-the signal 283, and finallythe low ti-rn'el 288 actuates a peakdetector 3021 p1-oducing adir'ect-eurrent voltage equal to the amplitude of ten units of the integrator 288. The manual adjustment circuit 303 makes it possibleto take from this voltage an adjustable portion (which, due to the reference in relation to the tens voltage, rnay be indicatedon the scale of a pote'n:

tiometer in afixed or pennanentmanner not subordinate to the teed-voltages applied to the apparatus); t This direct-current voltage is introduced into the amplitude limitconstant differentiating circuit-291'. jThe pulse-produced in. this circuiti 291 watithe endiof the oscillation or 29.0.

resets the voltage inte'grated'atrZSZi-Jsao that thisyoltage during, the existence of the pulse delivered by 290will preserve ntegration. p a t y TheTother 'circuit acting npon 288 comprises a monoq stable multivibrator 292 actuated atthe beginning of the scanningl cycle by ithefo-utput signal 283a from 283, 0f which the pulse amplitude may be ,adjustedrnanually' in lh B CirCuit 293. 1 The voltage-5293a thus obtained acts fnponthefcircuittwjft (thusproviding an algebraicadditio'n 1 of the input voltages) receiving on the otherhand the in- ,tegra-te d pnlse 288a delivered by 288. *Ihfthe-absence ofthefi'rst one of these voltages 293d, the circ'uit 2 95 co'nresultant voltage is opposed electrically at 305 to the volta age from 30 3 which is transmitted through a gate 306 mitted throu'ghagate 285 responsive to theoutput signals 1 2821 of283: The pulsesthus selected once for twice dur-' I each disc Irevolution arediflerentiated 'at ZSG'and synchronize a monostable multivibrator 2871 producing pulses of fixed amplitude and duration." These pulses are integrated at 288 to yield a stepped. signalvzfisaqf The op ;eration of this integrator 288 is'further subjected; to a during'the oscillation of 290 The two; pulses thus opposed represent the difference (by default) between the local dimension and the pre-adjusted value. This voltage integrated in the high time-constant circuit 307 actuates I the instrument 3&8 for measuring the statistical overstepping.. 1 I I u The measuring instruments 298, Silland 308 may be complemented by circuits ensuring the opposition of the voltages represented thereby with othe'r voltages preadjusted for actuating switching relays according to'the ture of a cable either directly or throughthe medium of the measurement of the statistical overstepping and the assignment of the standard defining the mean diam- 1 eter by means of .a'rnotor and a reduction gear.

A prognessive indicationof the dimensions lying be tween those corresponding toawhole number of aux-f a iliary discontinuous signals maybe obtained by cyclically varying the duration of the-transmission of these signals stituting agSch-mitt :multivibratorIresets thegcircuit 288n totalizer.

ureddimensionjclose to thejQrniddleof-the scale of these be considered as constituting a funits units? i when the number ot integrated pulses attains. 10)}Thus,

throngha gate so asyto form an average thereof. This variation in the duration. may be eifected gradually durin g severalsuccessive scanning cycles 'from'a monostable I multivibrator r eleased at each scanning cycle and of which the integrationproduces a stepped voltage which is subsequently reset to zero after a; certain number of oscillations.

'- 3 of the signal from the monostablejmultivibrator of the preceding circuits, another monostable multivibrator of which the duration is afiected by theaforesaid integrated voltage so asto extend its action. The same-eifectrnay 1 also be obtained by introducing a circuit'having a su fficient time constant to cause the si gnaltfrom the monostable multivibrator to'occur only gradually. "Fhis signal is electrically added to the aforesaid integrated signal and causes thesynchronization of a Schmitt monostable multivibrator of which the oscillation time varies as a function of the integratedvoltaige and which, instead of the bistable multivibrator, releases-the gate transmitting 295 reperesent the tens of units andjareinte-grated' in the y f s 'circuit 296 to produce alvoltage, proportional to the cn'umber of .tens.- 1 This voltage is transmitted through "another, high time-constant circuit 297 wand iactuates' the I by default.

measuring instrument 298 in clicating.thej tens.

- "The units? integrated-voltage 283a issuing from 2 88 is- 3 fedlto the gate 299'actuated byamonostable multivibrator 29 0. Thus, this-gate transmitsthe :finalvaluejof the voltage -integrated in i-circuit 288 which represents the number of units duringthefixed duraticnof one oscil lation of 290; t This voltage integrated in a high timea constantcircuit300 actuates theurneasuring instrument I SO I indicatingthefunitsi i i The soutput voltage fromj299', whichvrepresents the. number of units corresponding to the localdimension, is v opposed to a manually adjustable reference voltage tof produce a' measurement ot the statistical' overstepping 5T0 this end theoutput voltage'288a' from signal from 279 is illustrated in-FIGS. 12 and 13. This circuitis interposed between the element 283 on the one hand 'and the elements 292, 285 and 289cm the other hand, as-sho'wn in FIGS. 10 and 11."

This circuit comprises a bistable multivibrator 309 synchronized by the output signal 283b from 233 but of which the change. is progressive due to the high time-com. I

stant-ot its circuitb Onthe other hand the output signal 2 831) from 283 synchronizes the monostable multivibrator 310. Upon each revolution of the disc the pulse; from this multivibrator is integrated inithe circuit. 311. The integrated voltage synchronizes a Schmittmultivibrator'312 which resets 311, the amplitude of the stepped This voltageshould affect the ,duration of the transmisison through a gateof the auxiliary signals. .This may be obtained by releasing, by means of the end The number of these signalswill 7 pulse from the multivibrator 309. This voltage is added to that of 309 at 313 and synchronizes the Schmitt multivihrator 314. The latter creates two signals of opposite polarity of which the duration varies as a function of ,the momentary level of the stepped voltage issuing from 311, the total variation corresponding to the time elapsing in the average between the two successive photoelectric reference signals. These signals are fed on the one hand to the monostable muitivibrator 292 and on the other hand the gate 235 and the differentiating circuit 289. Under these conditions the indication of the local dimension is subjected to one-unit variations in the reference voltage at a frequency depending gradually on the duration of the oscillation delivered by circuit 283; therefore, the mean value of the resulting measure represents in a progressive manner the real dimension of the measured object.

Although I have described my invention with a certain degree of particularity, it is understood that the present disclosure has been made only by way of example since numerous changes in the details of construction and the combination and relative arrangement of parts may be resorted to without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as hereinafter claimed.

What I claim is:

1. An apparatus for measuring the transverse dimension of an object of elongated shape such as a cable, tube wire, tape, comprising in combination an emitter of a radiant beam and a photoelectric receiver for said beam, said object being placed between said emitter and receiver, means for forming from said beam issuing from said emitter at least one narrow luminous zone, said narrow luminous Zone and the object to be measured constituting two elements, an optical system for forming the image of one of said elements on the other element, means for producing a periodic relative displacement of the image of one of said elements with respect to the other so as to periodically block the image of one of said elements by means of the other element and therefore periodically break the current delivered by said photoelectric receiver, means for producing an auxiliary reference signal varying in proportion to the relative displacement, in the direction of the measurement, of the image of one of the elements with respect to the other, the means producing said auxiliary signal being driven in synchonism with the means producing the relative displacement of the image of one element in relation to the other, and means for producing from the variation of said auxiliary reference signal during the time period in which said photoelectric current is discontinued, an output voltage giving an indication proportional to the transverse dimension of the measured object.

2. Apparatus as set forth in claim 1, comprising means for forming the mean value of the output voltage and thus produce a voltage proportional to the mean dimension of the measured object.

3. An apparatus as set forth in claim 1, comprising means for determining the mean value of the output voltage and producing a voltage proportional to the average dimension of the measured object, an adjustable circuit adapted to determine the difference between the voltage representing the mean value of the dimension of the measured object and a first preadjusted voltage corresponding to a requisite dimension, called standard of said mean dimension, in order to form a first differential resultant voltage adapted to control a machine producing the measured object with a view to keep said lastnamed mean dimension to a fixed value equal to said standard, means for transmitting said output voltage only when its value exceeds a preadjusted limit value, other means for determining the average value of the voltage thus transmitted in order to constitute a voltage proportional to the statistical overstepping of the dimension of the measured object in relation to a preadjusted value thereof which corresponds to said limit voltage, means for opposing the voltage proportional to said statistical overstepping to another preadjusted voltage defining a requisite value called standard of said statistical overstepping and producing another differential resultant voltage, and means responsive to said other differential resultant voltage for effecting the variaion in the adjustment of the standard of said mean dimension so as to keep to a fixed value equal to its standard the value of the statistical overstepping of the measured object during its manufacture.

4. Apparatus according to claim 1, comprising, a gate for transmitting said auxiliary reference signal, means for opening said gate during a short time period at the beginning and at the end of the time period in which said photoelectric current is discontinued, and means for transforming the variation of the auxiliary reference signal between the beginning and the end of said time period into an indication of the local dimension of the measured object.

5. Apparatus according to claim 1, comprising means for integrating the differences in the auxiliary reference signal transmitted between the beginning and the end of the time period in which said photoelectric current is discontinued.

6. Apparatus according to claim 1, comprising means for subtracting from said output voltage an adjustable reference voltage corresponding to a pre-adjusted value of the dimension of the object to be measured, and means for integrating the difference of these voltages so as to give an indication of the statistical overstepping of said dimension with respect to said pre-adjusted value.

7. Apparatus according to claim 1, comprising means for generating a discontinuous auxiliary reference signal having the form of a series of elementary pulses of which the number increases as a function of the displacement of the image of one of said elements in relation to the other element, and means for totalizing the number of elementary pulses produced from the beginning to the end of the time period in which said photoelectric current is discontinued.

8. Apparatus according to claim 7, comprising an auxiliary photoelectric cell, a light source illuminating said cell, means for periodically breaking the light flux received by said auxiliary photoelectric cell, said last-named means being driven in synchronism with the means causing the displacement of the image of one of the elements in relation to the other element, whereby the number of elementary pulses constituting the auxiliary reference signal is only a function of the difference in the relative positions of said elements between the beginning and the end of the time period in which said photoelectric current is discontinued.

9. Apparatus according to claim 7, comprising a gate transmitting the elementary pulses, a first bistable multivibrator controlling the opening of said gate as a function of the photoelectric current, and means for cyclically and gradually modifying during several cycles the duration of the oscillation of the bistable multivibrator in order to supply a progressive mean indication of the dimension of the object.

10. Apparatus according to claim 7, comprising means for selecting the transmission of only one portion of the auxiliary reference signal.

11. Apparatus according to claim 1, comprising to least one fixed diaphragm disposed in front of the photoelectric receiver and defining the limits of the flux received by said receiver, means for projecting the image of the object to be measured onto said diaphragm, means for causing the periodic displacement of said image on said diaphragm so that said image will cross said diaphragm completely, and means for measuring the difference in the relative positions of the image of said object in relation to the diaphragm, at which said time period in which said photoelectric current is discontinued cornmences and ends, and giving-as a function of this difference an indication of the measure of the transverse dimension of the object.

12. Apparatus according to claim 1, comprising means for producing at least one narrow light spot, means ior periodically displacing said narrow light spot so as to cause it to be intercepted by said object, and means for measuring the difference between the relative positions of said narnow light spot, with respect to the object, at which said time period in which said photoelectric current is discontinued commences and ends, and giving as a function of this difference an indication of the measure of the transverse dimension of said object.

13. Apparatus according to claim 12, comprising a cathode ray tube of the flying spot type of which the spot forms a beam i'or scanning the object, and means [for opposing the instantaneous values of the deflection voltages of said cathode ray tubes between the beg-inning and the end of the time period in which said photoelectric ounrentis discontinued and therefore providing a resultant voltage proportional to the dimension of the object being measured. I v

14. Apparatus according to claim 12, comprising a rotary member, an optical system eccentri'cally mounted in relation to the axis of rotation of said member and adapted to form in the plane of one of the elements the image of the other element, an auxiliary photoelectric cell, a light source illuminating said auxiliary photoelectnic cell and a series of zones having a variable transparence in said rotary member, said zones passing through the path of the light flux received by said auxiliary photoelectric cell to produce auxiliary signals serving (for the measurement of the dimension of said object.

References Cited in the file of this patent UNITED STATES PATENTS 2,193,606 Ulrey Mar. 12, 1940 2,251,613 KOtt Aug. 5, 1941 2,750,834 Golay June 19, 1956 2,769,922 PCGIY Nov. 6, 1956 2,818,172 Mills Dec. 31, 1957 2,895,373 Eyraud July 21, 1959 3,017,801 I-ngber Jan. 23, 1962 

1. AN APPARATUS FOR MEASURING THE TRANSVERSE DIMENSION OF AN OBJECT OF ELONGATED SHAPE SUCH AS A CABLE, TUBE WIRE, TAPE, COMPRISING IN COMBINATION AN EMITTER OF A RADIANT BEAM AND A PHOTOELECTRIC RECEIVER FOR SAID BEAM, SAID OBJECT BEING PLACED BETWEEN SAID EMITTER AND RECEIVER, MEANS FOR FORMING FROM SAID BEAM ISSUING FROM SAID EMITTER AT LEAST ONE NARROW LUMINOUS ZONE, SAID NARROW LUMINOUS ZONE AND THE OBJECT TO BE MEASURED CONSTITUTING TWO ELEMENTS, AN OPTICAL SYSTEM FOR FORMING THE IMAGE OF ONE OF SAID ELEMENTS ON THE OTHER ELEMENT, MEANS FOR PRODUCING A PERIODIC RELATIVE DISPLACEMENT OF THE IMAGE OF ONE OF SAID ELEMENTS WITH RESPECT TO THE OTHER SO AS TO PERIODICALLY BLOCK THE IMAGE OF ONE OF SAID ELEMENTS BY MEANS OF THE OTHER ELEMENT SAID THEREFORE PERIODICALLY BREAK THE CURRENT DELIVERED BY SAID PHOTOELECTRIC RECEIVER, MEANS FOR PRODUCING AN AUXILIARY REFERENCE SIGNAL VARYING IN PROPORTION TO THE RELATIVE DISPLACEMENT, IN THE DIRECTION OF THE MEASUREMENT, OF THE IMAGE OF ONE OF THE ELEMENTS WITH RESPECT TO THE OTHER, THE MEANS PRODUCING SAID AUXILIARY SIGNAL BEING DRIVEN IN SYNCHONISM WITH THE MEANS PRODUCING THE RELATIVE DISPLACEMENT OF THE IMAGE OF ONE ELEMENT IN RELATION TO THE OTHER, AND MEANS FOR PRODUCING FROM THE VARIATION OF SAID AUXILIARY REFERENCE SIGNAL DURING THE TIME PERIOD IN WHICH SAID PHOTOELECTRIC CURRENT IS DISCONTINUED, AN OUTPUT VOLTAGE GIVING AN INDICATION PROPORTIONAL TO THE TRANSVERSE DIMENSION OF THE MEASURED OBJECT. 